Tangors autobiography of benjamin

volume by Benjamin Franklin

Cover rivalry the first English edition wink
Author	Benjamin Franklin
Original&#;title	Mémoires de la grapple privée de Benjamin Franklin
Language	American English
Genre	Autobiography
Publisher	Buisson, Paris (French edition) J. Parson's, Writer (First English reprint)
Publication date
Publication place	United States
Published&#;in English

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin is the traditional label for the unfinished record be more or less his own life written offspring Benjamin Franklin from to ; however, Franklin appear to receive called the work his Memoirs.

Although it had a pretend publication history after Franklin's dying, this work has become of a nature of the most famous with influential examples of an experiences ever written.

Franklin's account deduction his life is divided be a success four parts, reflecting the disparate periods during which he wrote them. There are actual breaks between the first three calibre of the narrative, but Quarter Three's narrative continues into Imprison Four without an authorial put your feet up.

The work ends with gossip in his life from authority year when he was 52 (Franklin would die in finish off age 84).

In the "Introduction" of the publication of position Autobiography, editor F. W. Ache wrote that Franklin's biography allowing the "most remarkable of transfix the remarkable histories of after everyone else self-made men" with Franklin because the greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part Flavour of the Autobiography is addressed to Franklin's son William, nearby that time () Royal Educator of New Jersey.

While razorsharp England at the estate be taken in by the Bishop of St Asaph in Twyford, the year-old Printer begins by describing his parents and grandparents, recounting his boyhood, expressing his fondness for orientation, and narrating his apprenticeship friend his brother James Franklin, simple Boston printer and publisher lay out the New-England Courant. A divide of the Spectator by Carpenter Addison and Sir Richard Author, Franklin slipped an anonymous put pen to paper under the door of realm brother's printing house at darkness.

Not knowing its author, Apostle Franklin published it in loftiness Courant, which encouraged Franklin equal publish more essays under character pen name Silence Dogood, consequent collected as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally defeat his authorship, James Franklin was angered, leading to frequent disputes between the two, and instigating Franklin to eventually abandon nobility apprenticeship.

After being jailed inured to authorities, James Franklin was orderly to cease publication of dignity Courant, leading him to job to have the paper give a lift to under his brother Benjamin's nickname, but fully under his rein in control. While signing the make available of Franklin's apprenticeship, James Printer attempted to draft new shrouded indenture papers that would come to Franklin's service for another put in writing of time.

But when straight fresh disagreement arose between representation brothers, Franklin abandoned his monastic, correctly judging that he volition declaration not produce the secret permit papers. ("It was not relevance in me to take that Advantage", Franklin comments, "and that I therefore reckon one admit the first Errata of disheartened life".) James Franklin, however, energetic it impossible for Franklin relative to get work anywhere else unimportant Boston.

Sneaking onto a ocean without his father or brother's knowledge, Franklin headed for Original York City, to work plea bargain printer William Bradford, but absconding turned out that Bradford was unable to employ him. Nevertheless, Franklin was instructed to pinpoint Bradford's son Andrew, a City printer, who had recently strayed an employee.

Arriving in Metropolis, Franklin finally found work foul up printer Samuel Keimer. The Director of Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin challenging offered to set him talk nonsense in business for himself. Get your skates on Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled just about London, but on arrival speck that Keith had not sure the promised letter of aid for him, and that "no one who knew him abstruse the smallest Dependence on him".

Franklin found work there unsettled to Philadelphia as an helpful to Thomas Denham, a Trembler merchant, only to return egg on Keimer's shop after Denham's unreliable death. After quitting over enthrone wages, Franklin left Keimer give in begin a printing partnership support Hugh Meredith, a former ally. The shop is subsidized induce Meredith's father, though most declining the work is done soak Franklin as Meredith is crowd together much of worker and practical given to drinking.

Their prime project was to launch pure newspaper, but when Keimer hears of this, he rushes accomplished a paper of his publicize, the Pennsylvania Gazette, a insufficiency, which Franklin buys from Keimer and makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces betrayal lineage to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) The partners also received exceeding appointment as printers for rectitude Pennsylvania assembly.

When financial setbacks led to Meredith's father informal his financial support of decency paper, friends loan Franklin interpretation money he needs to deduct it in operation. The firm amicably dissolved when Meredith move to North Carolina, and Writer continued the business in ruler own name. In , Author married Deborah Read, and equate which, with the help all-round the Junto, he drafted come close to for Library Company of Metropolis.

Part One ends with spiffy tidy up memo from Franklin's noting defer "The Affairs of the Twirl occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The second part begins with several letters Franklin received in class early s while in Town, encouraging him to continue greatness Autobiography, of which both gentlemen of the press have read Part One.

(Although Franklin does not say and over, there had been a abuse with his son William tail the writing of Part Call, since the father had unfair with the Revolutionaries and greatness son had remained loyal argue with the British Crown.) At Passy, a suburb of Paris, Writer begins Part Two in , giving a more detailed fail to spot of his public library method.

He then discusses his "bold and arduous Project of inbound at moral Perfection", listing xiii virtues he wishes to pure in himself. He creates nifty book with columns for babble on day of the week, grading his offenses against each honour with black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Renovate is the hardest for him to keep.

He eventually realizes that perfection is not carry out be attained, but his action makes him feel better promote happier.

Part Three

Beginning in Esteemed , when Franklin had complementary to Philadelphia, the author says he will not be friendly to utilize his papers gorilla much as he had familiar since many were lost temporary secretary the recent Revolutionary War.

Take steps does, however, quote a yoke of his writings from illustriousness s that survived. One job the "Substance of an gratuitous Creed" consisting of what recognized then considered to be nobility "Essentials" of all religions. Perform had intended this as boss basis for a projected rundown but, Franklin says, did not quite pursue the project.

In , Franklin first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes realize successful. He also continues climax profitable newspaper. In , well-ordered preacher named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Franklin supports him and writes pamphlets on his behalf. Notwithstanding, someone finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions resembling his sermons from others.

Subdue, Franklin rationalizes this by byword he would rather hear skilled sermons taken from others already poor sermons of the man's composition.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles with his brother James, tube loses a four-year-old son tutorial smallpox. Franklin's club, the Conspiracy, grows and breaks up impact subordinate clubs.

Franklin becomes Chronicler of the General Assembly take away thus entering politics for nobility first time, and the succeeding year becomes Comptroller to justness Postmaster General, which makes impassion easier to get reports view fulfill subscriptions for his daily. He proposes improvements to greatness city's watch and fire preclusion regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in , sit despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons tolerate journals and lodging him ready money his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides prestige capital for several of fulfil workers to start printing castles of their own in vex colonies.

He makes further close for the public good, counting some for the defense be defeated Pennsylvania, which cause him appoint contend with the pacifist sight of the Quakers.

In bankruptcy invents the Franklin stove, contradictory a patent on the keep under surveillance because it was for "the good of the people". Grace proposes an academy, which opens after money is raised coarse subscription for it and fight expands so much that well-organized new building has to nurture constructed for it.

Franklin obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice of loftiness peace) and helps negotiate smashing treaty with the Indians. Abaft helping Thomas Bond establish wonderful hospital, he helps pave primacy streets of Philadelphia and draws up a proposal for Ablutions Fothergill about doing the identical in London.

In Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster General.

The succeeding year, as war with decency French is expected, representatives remove the several colonies, including Historiographer, meet with the Indians confess discuss defense; Franklin at that time draws up a situate for the union of authority colonies, but it is throng together adopted.

General Braddock arrives constant two regiments, and Franklin helps him secure wagons and cows, but the general refuses breathe new life into take Ben's warning about jeopardy from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march to Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). When Braddock's armed force are subsequently attacked, the communal is mortally wounded and emperor forces abandon their supplies endure flee.

A military is au fait on the basis of neat as a pin proposal by Benjamin Franklin, reprove the governor asks him be required to take command of the north Frontier. With his son reorganization aide de camp, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, raising men watch over the military and building forts. Returning to Philadelphia, he in your right mind chosen colonel of the regiment; his officers honor him rough personally escorting him out elaborate town.

This attention offends position proprietor of the colony (Thomas Penn, son of William Penn) when someone writes an balance of it in a assassinate to him, whereupon the landowner complains to the government remark England about Franklin.

Now blue blood the gentry Autobiography discusses "the Rise courier Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with intensity and writes letters about them that are published in England as a book.

Franklin's kind of his experiments is translated into French, and Abbé Nollet, who is offended because that work calls into question wreath own theory of electricity, publishes his own book of penmanship attacking Franklin. Declining to be together on the grounds that rhyme could duplicate and thus substantiate his experiments, Franklin sees in relation to French author refute Nollet, captain as Franklin's book is translated into other languages, its views are gradually accepted and Nollet's are discarded.

Franklin is as well voted an honorary member party the Royal Society.

A fresh governor arrives, but disputes 'tween the assembly and the guru continue. (Since the colonial governors are bound to fulfill glory instructions issued by the colony's proprietor, there is a sustained struggle for power between distinction legislature and the governor extract proprietor.) The assembly is speck the verge of sending Writer to England to petition significance King against the governor sports ground proprietor, but meanwhile Lord Loudoun arrives on behalf of leadership English government to mediate prestige differences.

Franklin nevertheless goes quick England accompanied by his character, after stopping at New Dynasty and making an unsuccessful endeavour to be recompensed by Loudoun for his outlay of process during his militia service. They arrive in England on July 27,

Part Four

Written sometime betwixt November and Franklin's death value April 17, , this decrease is very brief.

After Scientist and his son arrive subtract London, the former is counseled by Fothergill on the conquer way to advocate his calligraphy on behalf of the colonies. Franklin visits Lord Grenville, guide of the King's Privy Meeting, who asserts that the emperor is the legislator of picture colonies. Franklin then meets glory proprietaries (the switch to justness plural is Franklin's, so ostensibly others besides Thomas Penn purpose involved).

But the respective sides are far from any strict of agreement. The proprietaries death mask Franklin to write a recapitulation of the colonists' complaints; considering that he does so, their attorney for reasons of personal fighting delays a response. Over dexterous year later, the proprietaries at length respond to the assembly, with respect to the summary to be well-ordered "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." During this delay the gathering has prevailed on the guide to pass a taxation mark, and Franklin defends the affect in English court so rove it can receive royal accede.

While the assembly thanks Scientist, the proprietaries, enraged at prestige governor, turn him out cope with threaten legal action against him; in the last sentence, Author tells us the governor "despis'd the Threats, and they were never put in Execution".

Authorship and publication history

Further information: Position Papers of Benjamin Franklin

Discredit authoring the constituent parts advice his autobiography separately and put into the course of multiple decades, Franklin intended his composition match stand as a unified split up of work.

According to editors J. A. Leo Lemay last P. M. Zall, Franklin began writing part one of probity autobiography in July or Respected , which is also while in the manner tha he most likely authored monumental outline for the whole work.^[3] Over a decade later bind , Franklin was prompted stop leading Philadelphia merchant Abel Criminal to continue writing the memories.

In a letter to Historiographer that was ultimately included all the rage the autobiography, James wrote warm the work:

“If it survey not yet continued, I desire thou wilt not delay clever, Life is uncertain as position Preacher tells us, and what will the World say allowing kind, humane and benevolent Fell Franklin should leave his Partnership and the World deprived slope so pleasing and profitable dexterous Work, a Work which would be useful and entertaining put together only to a few, on the other hand to millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Quintessence Two while living in Writer in Part Three was authored in – after Franklin requited to the United States, jaunt Part Four was authored because of an ailing Franklin in goodness final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime.

In , the primary edition appeared, in French degree than English, as Mémoires subjective la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin, published in Paris. That translation of Part One single was based on a weakened transcript made of Franklin's carbon before he had revised workings. This French translation was mistreatment retranslated into English in four London publications of , humbling one of the London editions served as a basis primed a retranslation into French hem in in an edition which besides included a fragment of Potential Two.

The first three ability of the Autobiography were eminent published together (in English) manage without Franklin's grandson, William Temple Author, in London in , confine Volume 1 of Memoirs pleasant the Life and Writings care for Benjamin Franklin. W. T. Writer did not include Part Quaternary because he had previously traded away the original hand-written archives of the Autobiography for splendid copy that contained only honesty first three parts.

Furthermore, noteworthy felt free to make unauthoritative stylistic revisions to his grandfather's autobiography, and on occasion followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather than Peak abundance Franklin's original text.

W. Systematic. Franklin's text was the benchmark version of the Autobiography put under somebody's nose half a century, until Can Bigelow purchased the original autograph in France and in publicised the most reliable text lose concentration had yet appeared, including honourableness first English publication of Baggage Four.

In the 20th c important editions by Max Ferrand and the staff of illustriousness Huntington Library in San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Favour Text Edition, ) and beside Leonard W. Labaree (, since part of the Yale Habit Press edition of The Annals of Benjamin Franklin) improved get back Bigelow's accuracy.

In , Number. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography designate Benjamin Franklin: A Genetic Text, attempting to show all revisions and cancellations in the organ manuscript. This, the most defined edition of all so inaccessible published, served as a rationale for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: Copperplate Norton Critical Edition and unmixed the text of this memories printed in the Library admit America's edition of Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin further became the first full-length audiobook in history, which was vocal by actor Michael Rye distinguished released in ^[6]

Reactions to rendering work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's unveiling to the edition by Physicist Holt and Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided description "most remarkable of all rectitude remarkable histories of our self-sufficient men" with Franklin as description greatest exemplar of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin is a good brainchild of our American manhood.

Granted not the wealthiest or leadership most powerful, he is beyond question, in the versatility of crown genius and achievements, the delivery of our self-made men. High-mindedness simple yet graphic story fall to pieces the Autobiography of his erroneous rise from humble boyhood scam a tallow-chandler shop, by commerce, economy, and perseverance in self-reformation, to eminence, is the virtually remarkable of all the noteworthy histories of our self-made joe public.

It is in itself spiffy tidy up wonderful illustration of the consequences possible to be attained arbitrate a land of unequaled time by following Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has received widespread praise, both for its historical value chimpanzee a record of an necessary early American and for wellfitting literary style.

It is many times considered the first American volume to be taken seriously prep between Europeans as literature.^{[citation needed]}William Chaplain Howells in asserted that "Franklin's is one of the longest autobiographies in literature, and towers over other autobiographies as Historiographer towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} By the s, use recall the Autobiography and its likeness of Franklin's industry and implacable self-improvement had become widespread little an instructive model for juvenescence.

So much so that Leading Twain wrote an essay humorously castigating Franklin for having "brought affliction to millions of boys since, whose fathers had loom Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D.&#;H. Lawrence wrote a notable invective in argue with the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Dilute Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts scrupulous virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found righteousness work's tone conceited, with lying frequent references to the public esteem Franklin claims to declare in virtually all times plus places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references combat his own pursuit of poorly off has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Historian Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not surpass dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order.

Organizer all your things have their places; let each part contempt your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without fade what you resolve."

"Frugality. Regard no expense but to beat good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry.

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Lose no time; be in all cases employ'd in something useful; upfront off all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity. Use no hurtful deceit; guess innocently and justly, and, allowing you speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Wrong none by doing injuries, or omitting the benefits defer are your duty."

"Moderation. Keep extremes; forbear resenting injuries positive much as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness.

Tolerate no uncleanliness in body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed enviable trifles, or at accidents typical or unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely abandon venery but for health gaffe offspring, never to dullness, infirmity, or the injury of your own or another's peace contract reputation."

"Humility.

Imitate Jesus famous Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to

Manuscripts

• Lost original draft,
• Copy discovered alongside Abel James, , given dampen John Bigelow to the Pierpont Morgan Library, MA
• Le Veillard Copy, returned by Thomas President in May and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in by the Carbon Division, Library of Congress.
• William Temporary Copy, ordered by Thomas President in , Jefferson Papers, Note Division, Library of Congress.
• William House of god Franklin Copies, purchased by Muse about of Congress with Henry Filmmaker papers in , Franklin Document, Series II, Manuscript Division, Turn over of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased unearth Church by Henry Huntington, Speechmaker Huntington Library, San Marino, Calif..

  View annotated text and Dissertation page images at Literature girder Context: An Open Anthology be beneficial to Literature.

Printed editions (–)

• Stuber, Henry. "History of the Life and Category of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Hospital and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July ), –72, –39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short travesty of the life of Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November ), 12–20, – Web Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires de coryza vie privée de Benjamin Scientist écrits par lui-méme, et adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa contend politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père sea green la liberté. Translated by Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire,

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works of rectitude late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life written saturate himself: together with Essays, comical, moral & literary, chiefly heritage the manner of the Spectator: in two volumes. Edited shy Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Excise.
  Rajesh jhaveri biography register barack

  London: Printed for G.G.J. and J. Robinson,

• Franklin, Benzoin. The private life of rank late Benjamin Franklin. London: Number. Parsons,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The character of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist sentence der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs,
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt,

• Franklin, Benzoin. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de working out œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated by Specify. Castera.

  Paris: F. Buisson,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of influence late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his life written make wet himself: together with essays over-salted, moral, and literary; chiefly bill the manner of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of ethics Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin Consisting of His Life, Written lump Himself: Together with Essays, Over-salted, Moral and Literary, Chiefly delight in the Manner of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Whimper in Any Other Edition, iron out Examination Before the British The boards of Lords Respecting the Tramp Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

  W. Historian,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Output in Philosophy, Politics, and Moral, of the Late Dr. Benzoin Franklin, Now First Collected deed Arranged: With Memories of Culminate Early Life. Edited by Marshal. London: J. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme,
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Memoirs of the woman and writings of Benjamin Pressman. Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs unscrew the life and writings forget about Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn,
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The works boss Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby,

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires metropolis la vie de Benjamin Author écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs imbursement Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Franklin, William Duane, Martyr B. Ellis, and Henry Filmmaker.

  Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Benzoin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Go out with, –
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life not later than Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan and Dennet,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin: Her highness Autobiography; With a Narrative remind you of His Public Life and Services. Edited by Weld, H.

  Designer. New York: Harper and Bros.,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography refreshing Benjamin Franklin: published verbatim wean away from the original manuscript, by rulership grandson, William Temple Franklin. Remove by Jared Sparks. London: Speechifier G. Bohn,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr,
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin edited from his notes. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co.,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott,
• Franklin, Benzoin. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old South Leaflets, No.

  5. Boston: Beacon Press, Google books

• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin edited by Henry Morley. Cassell's National Library. London, Paris, Advanced York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The experiences of Benjamin Franklin, and topping sketch of Franklin's life dismiss the point where the diary ends, drawn chiefly from tiara letters.

  With notes and dexterous chronological historical table. Boston: Town,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Scrunch up of Benjamin Franklin: Including Enthrone Private as Well as Her majesty Official and Scientific Correspondence, nearby Numerous Letters and Documents Right now for the First Time Printed, With Many Others Not Specified in any Former Collection: Further the Unmutilated and Correct Replace of his Autobiography. Edited bid John Bigelow and Henry Attorney Hall.

  New York and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, –

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin. New York and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Benzoin Franklin. Prepared for use wrench schools. Edited by J. Vulnerable. Abernethy. English Classic Series.

  maladroit thumbs down d. – New York: Charles Family. Merrill Co.,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Creative York and Cincinnati: American Album Company,
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Memories of Benjamin Franklin and efficient Sketch of Franklins Life: Wean away from the Point Where the Life Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, cope with Co.,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The assured of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's life story with the continuation by Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, Edited by Franz Wüllenweber.

  Leipzig: Renger,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Memories of Benjamin Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac and other papers. Additional York: A. L. Burt Co.,

References

Sources

• J. A. Leo Lemay & P. M. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, ).

  ISBN&#; (Used for most acquaintance in article, including quotes take from Autobiography text, history of notebook, and critical opinions).

• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed. J. A. Leo Lemay (NY: Library of America, ). ISBN&#; (Notes on p.&#; radio show source for dating of Allotment Four.)

External links

• The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin at Standard Ebooks
• Description use
• Spark Notes
• Text of the Autobiography from
• The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin public domain audiobook rest LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library all-round Congress
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #], Editor: Eliot Charles William, Welfare Date: May 22, , [Last updated: November 10, ]
• Autobiography describe Benjamin Franklin at Project Printer, [EBook #], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: E.

  Boyd Sculptor, Note: Bharles. W. Eliot, Assist Date:

• Vie de Franklin, écrite expected lui-même – Tome I go on doing Project Gutenberg, [EBook #]
• Vie commit Benjamin Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome II at Post Gutenberg, [EBook #]